PHP Code for Online Quiz with Timer: Best Practices and Tips for Developing a Secure and User-Friendly Quiz System
How to Create an Online Quiz with PHP and Timer
Online quizzes are a popular way of testing your knowledge, skills, or personality on various topics. They can be used for education, entertainment, or marketing purposes. Online quizzes usually consist of multiple-choice questions with different options, a timer that limits the time for each question or the whole quiz, and a score that shows how well you did.
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In this tutorial, you will learn how to create your own online quiz system with PHP and MySQL. You will use PHP to write scripts that interact with the database and display the quiz pages. You will use MySQL to store the quiz data, such as questions, options, answers, and scores. You will use HTML and CSS to create and style the quiz pages. You will also learn how to use some basic features of PHP, such as classes, functions, sessions, forms, etc.
By the end of this tutorial, you will be able to create an online quiz system that has the following features:
A database that stores all the quiz data
A config file that connects to the database
A class that contains methods for querying and manipulating the quiz data
A quiz page that displays one question at a time with four options
A timer that counts down from 10 seconds for each question
A result page that calculates and displays the score and feedback
An index page that displays the quiz instructions and starts the quiz
A style sheet that styles the quiz pages with CSS
Setting up the Database
The first step is to create a database and tables for storing the quiz data. You can use any database management tool, such as phpMyAdmin, to create and manage your database. In this tutorial, we will use phpMyAdmin as an example.
To create a database, follow these steps:
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Open phpMyAdmin in your browser.
Click on New in the left sidebar.
Type db_quiz as the database name in the text box.
Click on Create.
To create tables, follow these steps:
Select db_quiz from the left sidebar.
Click on SQL in the top menu.
Type or paste the following SQL queries in the text box:
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `questions` ( `qid` int (11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `question` varchar (150) NOT NULL, `is_enabled` int (11) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`qid`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `options` ( `oid` int (11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `qid` int (11) NOT NULL, `option` varchar (100) NOT NULL, `is_correct` int (11) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`oid`), FOREIGN KEY (`qid`) REFERENCES `questions` (`qid`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `scores` ( `sid` int (11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `score` int (11) NOT NULL, `date` date NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`sid`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
Click on Go to execute the queries and create the tables.
The questions table will store the quiz questions and a flag that indicates whether the question is enabled or not. The qid column is the primary key that uniquely identifies each question. The question column is the text of the question. The is_enabled column is a value of 1 or 0 that indicates whether the question is active or not.
The options table will store the quiz options and a flag that indicates whether the option is correct or not. The oid column is the primary key that uniquely identifies each option. The qid column is the foreign key that references the qid column in the questions table. The option column is the text of the option. The is_correct column is a value of 1 or 0 that indicates whether the option is the right answer or not.
The scores table will store the quiz scores and the date of taking the quiz. The sid column is the primary key that uniquely identifies each score. The score column is the number of correct answers out of 10. The date column is the date of taking the quiz.
Creating the PHP Scripts
The next step is to create some PHP scripts that will interact with the database and display the quiz pages. You will need to create four PHP files: config.php, quizclass.php, quiz.php, and result.php.
To create a config.php file, follow these steps:
Create a new file named config.php in your text editor.
Type or paste the following code in the file:
<?php // Define database credentials define('DB_HOST', 'localhost'); define('DB_USER', 'root'); define('DB_PASS', ''); define('DB_NAME', 'db_quiz'); // Create a database connection $conn = new mysqli(DB_HOST, DB_USER, DB_PASS, DB_NAME); // Check for connection errors if ($conn->connect_error) die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
Save and close the file.
The config.php file will store the database credentials and create a database connection using the mysqli extension. You will need to change the values of DB_USER and DB_PASS according to your own database settings. The define function will create constants that can be used throughout the script. The new mysqli function will create an object that represents the connection to the database. The connect_error property will check for any connection errors and display them if any. To create a quiz.php file, follow these steps:
Create a new file named quiz.php in your text editor.
Type or paste the following code in the file:
<?php // Start a session session_start(); // Include the quiz class file require_once 'quizclass.php'; // Create a new quiz object $quiz = new Quiz(); // Check if the quiz has started or not if (!isset($_SESSION['start'])) // If not, redirect to the index page header('Location: index.php'); exit(); // Check if the quiz has ended or not if (isset($_SESSION['end'])) // If yes, redirect to the result page header('Location: result.php'); exit(); // Check if the question number is set or not if (!isset($_SESSION['qno'])) // If not, set it to 1 $_SESSION['qno'] = 1; // Check if the score is set or not if (!isset($_SESSION['score'])) // If not, set it to 0 $_SESSION['score'] = 0; // Get the question number from the session $qno = $_SESSION['qno']; // Get the questions array from the session $questions = $_SESSION['questions']; // Get the question id from the questions array based on the question number $qid = $questions[$qno - 1]['qid']; // Get the question text from the questions array based on the question number $question = $questions[$qno - 1]['question']; // Get the options array for the question id from the quiz object $options = $quiz->getOptions($qid); // Check if the user has submitted an answer or not if (isset($_POST['submit'])) // If yes, get the user answer from the post data $user_answer = $_POST['option']; // Get the correct answer for the question id from the quiz object $correct_answer = $quiz->getAnswer($qid); // Compare the user answer and the correct answer if ($user_answer == $correct_answer) // If they are equal, increment the score by 1 $_SESSION['score']++; // Increment the qu